新四级段落翻译ppt

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新四级段落翻译ppt

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这是新四级段落翻译ppt,包括了翻译题型概述,通读并透彻理解原文汉语句子,汉语段落可以包含一个或一个以上的主题等内容,欢迎点击下载。

新四级段落翻译ppt是由红软PPT免费下载网推荐的一款课件PPT类型的PowerPoint.

g7o红软基地
段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字;六级长度为180-200个汉字。g7o红软基地
翻译的标准g7o红软基地
译文应该完整地再现原文内容g7o红软基地
译文应像原文一样流畅自然。g7o红软基地
译文的风格、笔调应与原文性质相同。g7o红软基地
翻译三部曲g7o红软基地
1. 通读并透彻理解原文汉语句子,确定语法成分和句型。g7o红软基地
中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史,在明朝和清朝时期特别流行。g7o红软基地
译文:Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing dynasties.g7o红软基地
汉语段落可以包含一个或一个以上的主题;而英语段落一般只有一个主题,如往往有一个明显的主题句(主题句多置于句首),其他句子则层层展开,以支持主题句.g7o红软基地
2. 付诸笔墨,保证拼写无误。g7o红软基地
人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。g7o红软基地
译文1:People often make their home beautifl with paper cuttings.g7o红软基地
译文2:People often beautify their home with paper cuttings.g7o红软基地
3. 重新审视,确认句法合理。g7o红软基地
重点检查时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号、冠词和代词的使用以及主谓一致等问题。g7o红软基地
翻译技巧g7o红软基地
恰当选词 (避免过于笼统,选表达更确切的词)g7o红软基地
中英文句式之间的对应和转换。g7o红软基地
语态之间的转换g7o红软基地
e.g. 通常中文中的主语过于宽泛的时候,如“人们”、“别人”、“这”等,可以转化成英文的被动语态,省略原来的主语g7o红软基地
原文:现在人们必须采取措施来保护环境。g7o红软基地
译文:Measures should be adopted/taken to protect the environment.g7o红软基地
词性的转换g7o红软基地
1)名词转换成动词g7o红软基地
例如:改革开放政策受到了全国人名的拥护。g7o红软基地
译文:The reform and opening-up policy is supported by the whole Chinese people. g7o红软基地
2) 动词转化成名词g7o红软基地
例如:他善于观察g7o红软基地
译文: He is a good observer.g7o红软基地
3) 名词转换成形容词g7o红软基地
例如: 在这紧张的时刻,他感到非常害怕。g7o红软基地
译文:The intensity of the moment filled his mind with fear.g7o红软基地
练习1g7o红软基地
农历五月五日的端午节是为了纪念被昏庸君主贬官放逐而投江自尽的古代诗人和忠臣屈原。最初人们将竹叶包扎好的糯米棕子投入屈原自尽的那条江,以祭祀亡灵。今天,人们在端午节举行龙舟赛,而粽子则由活生生的人来享用。g7o红软基地
译文g7o红软基地
The Dragon Boat Festival on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month is celebrated in memory of Qu Yuan, an ancient poet and loyal monister who drowned himself while in exile from a corrupt court. Zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves, was originally prepared as sacrificial offerings for Qu Yuan’s departed soul and dropped into the river where he drowned himself. Today, however, dragon boat races are held during the festival and the zongzi is consumed by the living.g7o红软基地
练习2g7o红软基地
筷子是中餐桌上最具特色的用餐工具。我们中国人使用筷子的方法很有艺术性,各人有各人的方法,就好像签名一样,不尽一致。中国人一般都能随心所欲地使用筷子夹起米饭,一粒豌豆,一只滑溜溜的蘑菇或海参。有人些人还能夹起一整块易碎的豆腐。g7o红软基地
Chopsticks are the most distinvtive eating tool on the Chinese dining table. The way we Chinese use our chopsticks is quite artistic and varies from person to person like one’s signature. An average Chinese person can very easily pick up pea, or a slippery button mushroom or sea cucumber with a pair of chopsticks. Some are even able to pick up a piece of bean curd that crumbles easily. g7o红软基地
核心语法考点g7o红软基地
                一、 虚拟语气g7o红软基地
虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下:g7o红软基地
  1. (should)+动词原形的情形g7o红软基地
  2. if或but for等引导的条件句g7o红软基地
  3. wish, if only, it is time…的用法g7o红软基地
 (should)+动词原形的情形 g7o红软基地
1.1.在动词suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, decide, promise, resolve, argue, maintain, determine, recommend, advise, advocate, persuade等表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”动词后的宾语从句中。g7o红软基地
  She insisted that the seats (should) be booked in advance. 她坚持要预定座位。g7o红软基地
  He advised that the doctor (should) be sent for. 他劝我们派人请医生。g7o红软基地
  注:如果上述动词作其他意思解释,或者说话者认为所讲的事是事实,要用陈述语气。g7o红软基地
  When asked why he declined our invitation, he suggested that he was not on good terms with the director.g7o红软基地
                      真题重现 g7o红软基地
 【CET-4:2006.6】The professor required that __________________(我们交研究报告)。g7o红软基地
参考答案:we hand in our research report(s)g7o红软基地
1.2.g7o红软基地
   在advice, demand, order, necessity, resolution, decision, proposal, requirement, suggestion, idea, recommendation, request, plan,等名词后的主语从句或表语从句中------上面动词对应的名词g7o红软基地
 He issued the order that the troops (should) withdraw at once. g7o红软基地
     他命令部队马上撤退。g7o红软基地
1.3.g7o红软基地
  在形容词important, necessary, imperative, natural, urgent, essential, appropriate, desirable, vital, advisable, preferable, incredible以及短语no wonder, a pity等可以构成“It is +形容词(名词)+that”句型中。g7o红软基地
    It is necessary that some immediate effort (should) be made. g7o红软基地
    必须立即采取行动。g7o红软基地
                   真题重现 g7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.6】It is absolutely unfair that these children ______(被剥夺了受教育的权利). g7o红软基地
参考答案:These children (should) be deprived of the right to receive education.g7o红软基地
if或but for等引导的条件句 g7o红软基地
if引导虚拟条件句的用法g7o红软基地
He wouldn’t feel so cold if he were indoors.g7o红软基地
他要是在室内就不会觉得冷了(与现在事实相反)g7o红软基地
I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I had time, I would certainly go to the movies with you.g7o红软基地
我很抱歉,现在很忙。如果有时间,我肯定陪你去看电影了。(与现在事实相反)g7o红软基地
The conference wouldn’t have been so successful if we hadn’t made adequate preparations.g7o红软基地
如果我们不做充分的准备,会议是不会开得这么成功的。(与过去事实相反)g7o红软基地
If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow, I should (would) stay at home.g7o红软基地
如果明天下雪,我就呆在家里。g7o红软基地
but for=if it were not for…/if it had not been for…lg7o红软基地
But for your help they would not have fulfilled the task in time.g7o红软基地
如果没有你的帮助,他们不可能按时完成任务。g7o红软基地
                        真题重现 g7o红软基地
【CET-4:2006.12】The victim --------------------(本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time. g7o红软基地
参考答案:would have a chance to surviveg7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.12】But for mobile phone, ___ ____________(我们的通讯就不可能如此迅速和方便)g7o红软基地
参考答案:our communication would not be so efficient and convenient.g7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.1】If you had ___________________(听从了我的忠告, 你就不会陷入麻烦). g7o红软基地
参考答案:followed my advice/suggestion, you would not have been/be in trouble.g7o红软基地
It is (high, about) time …g7o红软基地
此句型要求用虚拟语气g7o红软基地
谓语动词用过去式,指现在或将来的情况,表示“早该干某事而已经有些晚了”g7o红软基地
It’s time_____________________(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown.g7o红软基地
something was done/some measures were takeng7o红软基地
动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气 g7o红软基地
与现在事实相反      were或动词的一般过去g7o红软基地
与过去事实相反     had done或would/could have doneg7o红软基地
将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望g7o红软基地
                      would/should(could, might)+动词原形g7o红软基地
I wish she were here. g7o红软基地
她在这里就好了。g7o红软基地
I wish you would go with us tomorrow. g7o红软基地
但愿你明天跟我们一块去。g7o红软基地
I wish she had taken my advice. g7o红软基地
那时她要是听我的话就好了。g7o红软基地
if only后用虚拟语气(要是…就太好了)g7o红软基地
现在没有实现的愿望             一般过去式g7o红软基地
过去没有实现的愿望              过去完成式g7o红软基地
If only she had known where to find you. g7o红软基地
他要是知道到哪里去找你就好了。g7o红软基地
If only I could speak several foreign languages!g7o红软基地
我要是能讲几种外语就好了!g7o红软基地
                       从句g7o红软基地
从句的内容非常庞杂,该专题主要讲解在翻译题可能考察的名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句等。g7o红软基地
一. 名词性从句g7o红软基地
名词从句是指行使名词功能的从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及补语从句。g7o红软基地
1.主语从句---从句作主语 g7o红软基地
主语从句主要由that, what, whether, how以及其它词引导,还有就是由代词it作形式主语。g7o红软基地
That he survived the accident is a miracle.g7o红软基地
他在这场事故中幸免于难,真是奇迹。g7o红软基地
特别提示:尽管that并没有实际含义,但是他起到引导主语从句的功能,在这里不可或缺。g7o红软基地
What he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.g7o红软基地
他喜欢做的事情被社会所忽视认为毫无价值,无足轻重。g7o红软基地
How he managed to finish the job is of interest to us all.g7o红软基地
他是如何设法完成这项工作的,我们对此都很感兴趣g7o红软基地
Whether the results will be valuable depends partly on our attitudes towards it.g7o红软基地
结果是否有价值在部分程度上取决于我们对此的态度g7o红软基地
特别提示:whether引导的主语从句位于句首时,whether不能由if代替。g7o红软基地
2.宾语从句---从句作宾语。g7o红软基地
The court decisions have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education.g7o红软基地
法院裁决责令公立学校必须采取必要步骤提供这种教育。g7o红软基地
I can’t understand why he avoided speaking to me.g7o红软基地
我不理解他为什么不跟我说话。g7o红软基地
                          真题重现g7o红软基地
【CET-4:2007.12】Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life ____________(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn.g7o红软基地
参考答案:is measured by how much they can loang7o红软基地
3.表语从句---从句作表语g7o红软基地
The next question we have to decide is when we have to submit the annual report.g7o红软基地
我们必须决定的下一个问题是,什么时候我们必须呈交年度报告。g7o红软基地
【CET-4:2007.12】In my sixties, one change I notice is that _____(我比以前更容易累了)。g7o红软基地
参考答案:I am more likely to get tired than beforeg7o红软基地
二. 定语从句g7o红软基地
定语从句是修饰限定名词或代词的从句。掌握定语从句的关键在于把握引导词,既用来引导定语从句的词。定语从句的内容比较庞杂,希望同学们在复习时多总结和归纳。g7o红软基地
                             真题重现g7o红软基地
【CET-4:2007.6】The prevent and treatment of AIDS is ________________________ (我们可以合作的领域).g7o红软基地
  参考答案:a field where(in which) we can cooperate.g7o红软基地
三. 状语从句g7o红软基地
状语从句分为:时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句和比较状语从句  g7o红软基地
                               真题重现g7o红软基地
【CET-4:2007.12】 I am going to pursue this course, _______(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲)。g7o红软基地
参考答案:no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to makeg7o红软基地
【CET-4:2006.12】Some psychologists claim that people_____(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)g7o红软基地
参考答案:may feel lonely when they are away from homeg7o红软基地
四、倒装g7o红软基地
1.当“only+状语”位于句首表示强调时用倒装,如不在句首或虽在句首但不修辞状语时用正常语序。g7o红软基地
Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.g7o红软基地
只有当你获得足够的数据时,你才能得出正确的结论g7o红软基地
Only in this way can we catch up with the world’s advanced levels in science and technology.g7o红软基地
只有这样我们才能赶上世界的先进科学技术水平。g7o红软基地
其他如:only then, only once, only in America\China, only after the accident等。g7o红软基地
                                        真题重现g7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.6】Only in the small town_________.g7o红软基地
                                     (他才感到安全和放松)g7o红软基地
参考答案:does she feel secure and relaxedg7o红软基地
2. never等具有否定意义的词或词组居于句首时用倒装。g7o红软基地
这类词或词组常用的有:never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, not until, by no means, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way(决不), in no case(决不), neither …(nor), no sooner…(than), hardly…(when), barely(仅仅,几乎不), on no account, in no circumstances(决不), not a bit, nowhere, not only…but also等。g7o红软基地
Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet. 丘吉尔不仅是一位政治家,还是一位诗人。g7o红软基地
Never in all my life have I heard such nonsense. 我从未听到过这种胡说!g7o红软基地
                                   真题重现g7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.12】 The witness was told that under no circumstances____.(他都不应该对法庭说谎)g7o红软基地
参考答案:should he lie to the court.g7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.1】 ___(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form. g7o红软基地
参考答案Not until the deadline did he send (out)g7o红软基地
3.the more…, the more结构中的倒装。g7o红软基地
【CET-4:2006.6】90. The more you explain, _________________(我愈糊涂). g7o红软基地
参考答案:the more confused I amg7o红软基地
                    四、强调句g7o红软基地
  It is/was +被强调部分+that/who…g7o红软基地
  对于这个结构,需要注意以下几点:g7o红软基地
①强调句型中的系动词除is和was之外,没有其他形式的变化;g7o红软基地
②被强调部分如果是人,可以用who, 也可以用that,其他情况用that(常识性知识,一般不能作为考点)。g7o红软基地
③在not…until句型里,如果强调由until所引导的时间状语时,not须跟在until之前,即构成It is not until…that结构。g7o红软基地
It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the serious situation.g7o红软基地
她不知道如何应对这种严重情况是因为她太缺乏经验了。g7o红软基地
It is because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.g7o红软基地
正是因为水涨了,他们没有渡过河去。g7o红软基地
注:强调的如果是原因状语从句,只能由because引导,不能由since, as或why引导。g7o红软基地
It was not until the second year that he has adapted himself to the college life.g7o红软基地
直到第二年他才适应了大学生活。g7o红软基地
真题重现g7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.1】 ______________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form. g7o红软基地
参考答案:It was not until the deadline that he sent (out)g7o红软基地
               五、非谓语动词g7o红软基地
非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。 非谓语动词的考点主要有:g7o红软基地
1.英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语,但有些动词要求: g7o红软基地
1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语g7o红软基地
attempt企图mean意欲,打算determine决定pretend假装 decide决定hesitate犹豫 hope希望 intend想要 refuse拒绝decide决定等g7o红软基地
                                               真题重现g7o红软基地
【CET-4:2007.6】Because of the leg injury, the athlete __ (决定退出比赛).g7o红软基地
参考答案:decided to quit the match.g7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.12】The Foreign Minister said he was resigning, _______.(但他拒绝进一步解释这样做的原因)g7o红软基地
参考答案:while he refused to further explain why./while he refused to make further explanation for doing so.g7o红软基地
2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补:动词+宾语+动词不定式g7o红软基地
enable使能够 ask要求,allow允许  force强迫 press迫使 inspire鼓舞 request请求 help帮助 invite吸引,邀请encourage鼓励 等g7o红软基地
                               真题重现g7o红软基地
【CET-4:2006.12】Specialists in intercultural studies says that it is not easy to _ _ _ (适应不同文化中的生活)g7o红软基地
参考答案:adapt oneself to life in different cultures.g7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.1】After the terrorist attack, tourists          (被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游).g7o红软基地
参考答案:were advised/suggested not to go to that country as their tourism destination for the present.g7o红软基地
3)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语g7o红软基地
dislike不喜欢,讨厌appreciate 感激,欣赏avoid避免  enjoy享有,喜爱can’t help不   禁  escape逃跑,逃避can’t stand受不了 deny否认 mind 介意 finish完成,结束不得 postpone延迟,延期hate讨厌等g7o红软基地
I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.g7o红软基地
我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。g7o红软基地
2.非谓语动词中的有关句型  g7o红软基地
(1)动名词作主语的句型  g7o红软基地
   1) It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名词+doing sth.  g7o红软基地
It is no good objecting. 反对也没有用。g7o红软基地
It is a great fun playing football.打篮球很有趣  g7o红软基地
2)It is + useless (nice, good,interesting, expensive等形容词)+ doing sth.g7o红软基地
It is good Playing chess after supper.晚饭后弈棋挺好。g7o红软基地
六、形容词的比较级和最高级 g7o红软基地
                              真题重现g7o红软基地
【CET-4:2007.12】In my sixties, one change I notice is that         (我比以前更容易累了)g7o红软基地
参考答案:I am more likely to get tired than beforeg7o红软基地
【CET-4:2006.12】Since my childhood I have fond that                               _(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力) 参考答案:nothing is more attractive to me than readingg7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.12】 In handling an embarrassing situation,                         .(没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的了) g7o红软基地
参考答案:nothing is more helpful than a sense of humor g7o红软基地
七、动词的时态与语态g7o红软基地
【CET-4:2006.6】Though a skilled worker, ________________________(他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis. g7o红软基地
参考答案:he was fired by the company g7o红软基地
主要考察基本语法知识点即被动语态的用法g7o红软基地
【CET-6:2007.6】The problem of blacks and women _            _ _ (最近几十年受到公众相当大的关注). g7o红软基地
参考答案:have gained/caused considerable public concern in recent decades.g7o红软基地

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